Ernst Haeckel. Beauty of Forms in Nature, 1904 (100 works)
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“The Beauty of Forms in Nature” (German: Kunstformen der Natur) is a lithographic book by Ernst Haeckel. Originally published between 1899 and 1904 in sets of 10, the full version of 100 was published in 1904. Many of the organisms depicted in the book were first described by Haeckel himself. In total, more than 1,000 engravings were made based on Haeckel’s sketches and watercolor sketches, the best of which were selected for the book and translated into printed form by the lithographer Adolf Giltsch.
According to Haeckel’s student Olaf Breidbach, who edited the new editions of The Beauty of Forms in Nature, it “was not just a book with illustrations, but also a reflection of his views on the world.” Life forms have been selected to demonstrate the perfection of their organization, ranging from naturalistic sketches of fish and ammonites to deeply symmetrical jellyfish and microorganisms. At the same time, each page was arranged to visually cover as many representatives of one species or family of living things as possible.
Among the significant pages is the one where radiolarians are depicted. Haeckel contributed to their popularization among microscopy enthusiasts, inserting them into almost every kit. Also often found in the book are pages with images of cnidarians, such as sea anemones, siphonophores, disc jellyfish and others. The first set included images of the jellyfish Desmonema annasethe (= Cyanea annasethe), which Haeckel discovered and described shortly after the death of his wife Anna Seth.
The book had a great influence on the art and architecture of the early 20th century. In particular, many representatives of Art Nouveau tried to reproduce some of the beautiful forms that were depicted by Haeckel. Including Rene Binet, Karl Blossfeldt, Hans Christiansen, Emil Galle. One of the most striking examples of such influence is the building of the Amsterdam Berlage Exchange, which was designed by Hendrik Petrus Berlage partly under the influence of “The Beauty of Forms in Nature”.
Ernst Haeckel (German: Ernst Haeckel; 1834 - 1919) - German naturalist and philosopher. Author of the terms Pithecanthropus and ecology.
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