Nicolas Poussin | XVIIe | Nicolas Poussin (107 works) (part 2)

9 March 2013

6 105

Category: Art and hand-drawn graphics, 0+

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Nicolas Poussin (French Nicolas Poussin, 1594, Les Andelys, Normandy - November 19, 1665, Rome) - the founder of French classicism, the famous French historical painter and landscape painter.

Biography and creativity

Born in Normandy, he received his initial artistic education in his homeland, and then studied in Paris, under the guidance of Quentin Varenne and J. Lallemand. In 1624, already a fairly well-known artist, Poussin went to Italy and became close friends in Rome with the poet Marino, who instilled in him a love of studying Italian poets, whose works provided Poussin with abundant material for his compositions. After Marino's death, Poussin found himself in Rome without any support. His circumstances improved only after he found patrons in the person of Cardinal Francesco Barberini and Cavalier Cassiano del Pozzo, for whom he wrote The Seven Sacraments. Thanks to a series of these excellent paintings, Poussin was invited by Cardinal Richelieu to Paris in 1639 to decorate the Louvre Gallery.

Louis XIII elevated him to the title of his first painter. In Paris, Poussin had many orders, but he formed a party of opponents in the persons of the artists Vouet, Brequier and Mercier, who had previously worked on decorating the Louvre. The Vue school, which enjoyed the patronage of the queen, was especially intriguing against him. Therefore, in 1642, Poussin left Paris and returned to Rome, where he lived until his death.

Poussin was especially strong in landscape. Taking advantage of the results achieved in this type of painting by the Bolognese school and the Dutch living in Italy, he created the so-called “heroic landscape”, which, being arranged in accordance with the rules of a balanced distribution of masses, with its pleasant and majestic forms, served as a stage for him to depict an idyllic golden age . Poussin's landscapes are imbued with a serious, melancholic mood. In depicting figures, he adhered to the antiquities, through which he determined the further path that the French school of painting followed after him. As a history painter, Poussin had a deep knowledge of drawing and a gift for composition. In the drawing he is distinguished by strict consistency of style and correctness. He is credited with the fact that, thanks to the love of classicism, which he was able to instill in his compatriots, the taste for the pretentious and mannered that had developed among French artists was suspended for some time.

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